Final answer:
Capitalist and pre-capitalist societies differ in their economic systems and the way resources are allocated. The logic behind capitalism is based on the idea of individual freedom and self-interest.
Step-by-step explanation:
Capitalist and pre-capitalist societies differ in their economic systems and the way resources are allocated. In pre-capitalist societies, such as feudalism, the means of production are owned by a small ruling class, while the majority of the population, the peasants, work the land and produce goods for the ruling class. In contrast, capitalist societies are characterized by private ownership of the means of production and the pursuit of profit. The logic behind capitalism is based on the idea that individuals and businesses should have the freedom to engage in economic activities and make choices based on their own self-interest. This is believed to lead to competition, innovation, and overall economic growth.