Final answer:
The different emphases on what is at stake in being sick can be understood from sociological, cultural, and functionalist perspectives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The different emphases on what is at stake in being sick can be understood from various perspectives. From a sociological perspective, the sick person has a specific role with rights and responsibilities. The sick person has the right to be exempt from normal social roles and can avoid their normal responsibilities without censure, but this exemption is temporary and requires legitimation from a physician. From a cultural perspective, illness experiences are influenced by culture and individual personality. Illness can either make one's world smaller and defined by the illness or provide an opportunity for self-discovery and re-imagining. From a functionalist perspective, health is vital to the stability of society, and sickness is considered deviance, which leads to the establishment of patterns of appropriate behavior for the sick and their caregivers.