Final answer:
West Pakistan was the first state formed in what is now northern Pakistan. East Pakistan was formed in eastern India and later became Bangladesh. The capital of Pakistan was moved from Karachi to Islamabad in 1960 for strategic reasons.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first state formed in Pakistan and western India is known as West Pakistan, while the eastern part became known as East Pakistan.
Upon the partition of India in 1947, the Muslim League was instrumental in establishing Pakistan as a separate nation for South Asian Muslims, comprising territories from the former British Indian Empire. East Pakistan became independent as Bangladesh after the civil war of 1971.
Karachi was the initial capital of Pakistan under British rule. However, in 1960, Islamabad was chosen as the new capital to establish a presence closer to the contentious region of Kashmir.
The national language of Pakistan is Urdu, but English remains a significant lingua franca, especially in the business sector and among the social elite.
The issue of Kashmir has been a point of contention between India and Pakistan since 1947, with both countries claiming the region.
The administrative boundaries drawn by colonial powers have led to complex diplomatic relations, particularly because India and Pakistan are now nuclear powers.