Final answer:
Societies that are partially industrialized and have some economic autonomy but are not as advanced as core societies are referred to as semi-peripheral nations. Examples include Mexico, Vietnam, and Cuba. These societies have some level of industrialization but are economically dependent on core nations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sociologist Gerhard Lenski Jr. (1924-2015) defined societies in terms of their technological sophistication. As a society advances, so does its use of technology. Societies with rudimentary technology depend on the fluctuations of their environments, while industrialized societies have more control over the impact of their surroundings and thus develop different cultural features. This distinction is so important that sociologists generally classify societies along a spectrum of their level of industrialization-from preindustrial to industrial to postindustrial.
One example of societies that are partially industrialized and have some economic autonomy, but are not as advanced as core societies, are
semi-peripheral nations. These nations are in-between nations, not powerful enough to dictate policy but nevertheless acting as a major source for raw material and an expanding middle-class marketplace for core nations, while also exploiting peripheral nations. An example of a semi-peripheral nation is Mexico, which provides abundant cheap agricultural labor to the U.S. and supplies goods to the United States market at a rate dictated by the U.S. without the same protections offered to United States workers.
Other examples of societies that are partially industrialized and enjoy some economic autonomy but are not as advanced as core societies are countries like Vietnam and Cuba. These countries have some level of industrialization but often represent the outdated castoffs of core nations or the factories and means of production owned by core nations. They typically have unstable governments, inadequate social programs, and are economically dependent on core nations for jobs and aid.