Final answer:
The assassination of Julius Caesar marked the end of the Roman Republic and led to the rise of the Roman Empire.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assassination of Julius Caesar is important in terms of Roman history because it marked the end of the Roman Republic and led to the rise of the Roman Empire. Caesar's assassination on the Senate floor in 44 BCE triggered a period of civil war and political instability, which ultimately resulted in the establishment of the Roman Empire under Augustus. The transition of power was not peaceful but rather involved a bloody period of conflict.