Final answer:
During the most recent glaciation period, Europe was partially covered by ice sheets. The Little Ice Age also caused cold temperatures in Europe during the seventeenth century.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the most recent glaciation period, ice sheets covered large portions of Europe, partially extending into present-day Russia, Scandinavia, the British Isles, and Greenland. This glaciation period began around 100,000 years ago and reached its peak about 18,000 years ago. Additionally, there were smaller changes in climate, such as the Little Ice Age, which impacted Europe during the seventeenth century, leading to unusually cold temperatures and the freezing of the River Thames in London.