Final answer:
Unilineal descent, particularly matrilineal descent, is the social system where female relatives across generations share the same group, tracing kinship and inheritance through females.
Step-by-step explanation:
A social system in which female relatives of multiple generations live in the same social group is called unilineal descent, specifically of the matrilineal type. This is a form of extended family structure where kinship and inheritance are traced through the female line. In these systems, family alliances and socio-economic units are based on maternal lineage, which includes mothers, grandmothers, great-grandmothers and so on, reflecting a strong generational kinship within the group. Although leadership roles may still be held by senior men, the kinship ties and inheritance follow the female relatives. Such structures contrast sharply with the patrilocal systems found in other cultures, where women move to live with or near their husband's family, leading to a different set of socio-cultural dynamics.