Final answer:
The estimating year of King Richard III's death using carbon-14 dating requires information on the initial amount of carbon-14 and a decay formula, which are not provided. Nitroglycerin decomposition studies involve calculating rate constants using experimental data. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence from historical remains helps compare with modern bacterial strains.
Step-by-step explanation:
The discovery of King Richard III's skeleton has led to various scientific analyses, including radiocarbon dating to estimate the time of his death. With a reported 93.79% of carbon-14 remaining in the tissue samples, and considering that the half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years, we can use the decay formula to find the elapsed time since his death. However, the calculation of the specific year requires additional information not provided, such as the starting amount of carbon-14 and the specific equation used for estimating the age of remains.
Nitroglycerin, as a highly sensitive explosive was studied under controlled conditions to determine its first-order decomposition. The rate constants for these reactions would be calculated using experimental data on the concentration of nitroglycerin over time at the specified temperature of 160 °C.
Analyzing the 16S rRNA gene sequence from 14th-century skeletal remains provides a molecular link to understand historical diseases by comparing it with modern bacterial strains. The close match found suggests the preservation and continuity of this genetic marker over time.