Final answer:
Defibrillation (option b) is the process of converting a dysrhythmia to a normal rhythm using an electric shock, often administered by an Automated External Defibrillator (AED).
Step-by-step explanation:
The conversion of a dysrhythmia to a normal rhythm by applying an electric shock to the chest is called defibrillation. This method involves the delivery of a large charge in a short burst from a device known as a defibrillator, which can be a lifesaver in the event of cardiac emergencies like cardiac or ventricular fibrillation. Automated external defibrillators (AED) are now commonly found in many public places and are designed to be used by laypersons. They analyze the patient's heartbeat pattern using an electrocardiogram and apply the shock with appropriate energy and waveform to attempt to reset the heart's rhythm to normal.
CPR is often recommended before the use of an AED in cases of cardiac emergencies. A defibrillator stops the heart briefly so that the natural pacemaker can start a normal conduction cycle.