Question

Central Dogma. Key information in DNA specifies the sequence of amino acid subunits that will compose enzymes and other proteins in the cell. Before these proteins can be synthesized, however, what intermediate molecule is synthesized to carry the information coded in the DNA?

A) mRNA (messenger RNA)
B) rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
C) tRNA (transfer RNA)
D) Protein molecule

Answer 1

The intermediate molecule synthesized to carry genetic information from DNA for protein synthesis is messenger RNA (mRNA), fulfilling the Central Dogma of molecular biology's dictum of DNA to RNA to protein. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is: A) mRNA (messenger RNA).

Step-by-step explanation:

Central Dogma and the Role of RNA in Protein Synthesis

The fundamental concept of the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology is that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. This process involves two key steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is used to synthesize a complementary sequence in an intermediate molecule known as messenger RNA (mRNA). In the subsequent process of translation, the sequence encoded by the mRNA dictates the arrangement of amino acids in a protein. While ribosomal RNA (rRNA) plays a pivotal role in forming the ribosome complex, and transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain, it is mRNA that carries the actual code from the DNA that specifies the protein sequence.

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is: A) mRNA (messenger RNA).