Final answer:
The dorsal column pathway senses touch and body position, while the spinothalamic pathway senses pain and temperature. The receptors in these pathways fit with dorsal root ganglion cells and transmit information through the spinal cord to the brain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dorsal column pathway senses fine touch, vibration, and proprioceptive information. It carries sensory information related to the sense of touch and body position. The receptors in this pathway fit with dorsal root ganglion cells and transmit information through the spinal cord to the brain.
The spinothalamic pathway primarily senses pain and temperature. The receptors in this pathway also fit with dorsal root ganglion cells but transmit information contralaterally, meaning they project to the opposite side of the brain or spinal cord.
The spinocerebellar pathway, which is not mentioned in the options, senses joint position and muscle tension. Its receptors fit differently and help facilitate motor coordination and balance.