Final answer:
Colonialism is the term that describes the extended domination of a territory and its people by a strong nation, politically, socially, economically, and culturally.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term you are looking for, which describes the political, social, economic, and cultural domination of a territory and its people for an extended period of time, is colonialism. Colonialism is the policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries in various aspects, leading to significant global influence. The impact of colonialism is evident in the worldwide spread of certain political systems, such as the parliamentary system originally from Britain, as well as cultural changes like the adoption of the English language in many parts of the world. Additionally, the historical context of colonialism is tied to the rise of capitalism and the control of resources and territories essential for expanding a country's world power.