Final answer:
The condition where two copies of the same allele are present in a genotype is called homozygosity, and the individual is referred to as a homozygote.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition where two copies of the same allele are present in the genotype is called homozygosity. An individual with such a genotype is referred to as a homozygote. This is different from a heterozygote, which has two different alleles. For example, in pea plants, if an individual carries two alleles for white flower color (pp), it is homozygous recessive for that characteristic. Conversely, if it has one allele for white flower color and one for violet flower color (Pp), it is heterozygous. These genetic variations contribute to the organism's phenotype, the observable characteristics.