Final answer:
The tool assemblage associated with Neanderthals is known as the Mousterian tool industry, reflecting more advanced and utilitarian tool-making techniques compared to earlier hominins like H. erectus.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mousterian Tool Industry
The tool assemblage that is associated with Neanderthals is known as the Mousterian tool industry, or the Middle Paleolithic tool industry. Unlike the Acheulean tool industry used by H. erectus which included hand axes, Neanderthals produced more advanced tools. The characteristic feature of the Mousterian tool assemblage is the predominant use of flake tools over core tools, indicating a shift towards more sophisticated and utilitarian forms.
These flake tools were crafted by striking flakes from a larger core and then using these flakes as tools. This technique produced smaller and sharper tools with increased utility, showing a refined degree of craftsmanship by Neanderthals.