Final answer:
The correct answer is option a) The Republic of Texas.
Step-by-step explanation:
After declaring their independence from Mexico, Anglo-American settlers in Texas established The Republic of Texas. This declaration came as a result of escalating tensions over cultural and religious differences, with an especially contentious issue being the Anglo-American settlers' practice of slave ownership, which was divergent from the Mexican norms. The Republic of Texas, also known as the Lone Star Republic, existed as an independent nation from 1836 to 1846, during which time Texas saw an influx of immigrants from the United States, attracted by land grants and the potential for annexation into the U.S.
Significant distinctions existed between American settlers and the original Mexican inhabitants of Texas, known as Tejanos. Americans were typically slave owners and religiously distinct from the Roman Catholic Tejanos, with these differences serving as key factors in the cultural rift that led to the Texas Revolution and the establishment of an independent republic with an American-style judicial system and an economy heavily reliant on slavery.
The push for independence was supported by many, including some wealthy Tejanos, who were aligned with the goal of liberal governmental reforms and hoped for economic benefits. The delegates at the Consultation defined a constitution supporting an elected president, legislature, and slavery. Additionally, the first president elected after the Revolution was Sam Houston. This tumultuous period also set the stage for future conflicts, notably influencing the Mexican-American War due to disputes over Texas's annexation and border definitions.