Final answer:
The correct answer is option a) Antonio López de Santa Anna.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dictator of Mexico who had to flee during his invasion of Texas and was subsequently forced to sign the Treaties of Velasco was Antonio López de Santa Anna. During the Texas Revolution, after facing a significant defeat at the Battle of San Jacinto, Santa Anna was captured and signed both a public and a private Treaty of Velasco.
The public treaty ended hostilities, while the private one went further to state that Mexico would recognize the independence of Texas in exchange for Santa Anna's freedom. However, after returning to Mexico, Santa Anna repudiated the private treaty.