Final answer:
A brute force attack uses a large list of common words and phrases to systematically guess a password or encryption key.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of attack that uses a large list of common words and phrases is a brute force attack.
A brute force attack is a method used by hackers to gain access to a system by attempting all possible combinations of passwords or encryption keys until the correct one is found. This type of attack typically involves using a dictionary of common passwords, phrases, or character sets to systematically guess the password. It is an example of a cybersecurity vulnerability that organizations need to protect against.