Final answer:
Enns identifies the Mosaic, Abrahamic, and Noahic covenants as foundational to Old Testament theology, each establishing critical aspects of God's relationship with His people, land, and the promise for humankind.
Step-by-step explanation:
Enns believes that the following covenants form the foundation of an Old Testament theology: A) Mosaic, Abrahamic, and Noahic.
The Mosaic Covenant refers to the laws and religious duties given to the Israelites throughout the Exodus, including the Ten Commandments. The Abrahamic Covenant established a relationship between God and Abraham and his descendants, promising them land and making Abraham the father of many nations. The Noahic Covenant was made with Noah after the flood, promising that God would not destroy the world again with a flood and setting the rainbow as the sign of this covenant. These covenants are essential to understanding the spiritual lineage and theological foundations of Judaism, and by extension, Christianity and Islam which also regard these figures and covenants as significant.
The relevant cultural and theological contexts arise from the ancient Hebrews, who, after their Exodus from Egypt, worshipped Yahweh and established a monotheistic tradition stemming from the covenants with their God. This tradition is detailed in their sacred texts, the Torah, and further interpreted in the Talmud. The emphasis on these covenants and their related moral codes influenced other Abrahamic religions as well.