Final answer:
Healthy hair has flat cuticle scales which allow for minimal liquid absorption compared to porous hair with raised scales. The hair matrix contains a layer of basal cells contributing to hair growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of hair that has flat cuticle scales, allowing minimal liquid absorption, is d) Healthy hair. Healthy hair's cuticle scales lie flat, which means they are less porous and better able to repel moisture and liquid than more porous types of hair. Porous hair has raised cuticle scales which absorb more liquid, while coarse hair consists of thicker strands, and fine hair has a thin diameter, but neither is specifically defined by the flatness of cuticle scales. The hair matrix, found within the hair follicle, contains a layer of basal cells (d). These cells divide to produce the new hair shaft, which is pushed up and out of the follicle as it grows. Hair follicles are found across most of the human body except certain areas, and they can be associated with various sensory nerve endings such as hair receptors in hairy skin.