Final answer:
(a) Romanticism and (b) Realism were significant literary movements that flourished in different time periods.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nineties in question refer to the 1890s, and the movement in literature that began during this period is not listed in the student's options. However, to address the original question, both the Romantic and the Realist movements played significant parts in the literary world in different time periods. Romanticism was a movement that glorified nature, the common people, exotic places, and the historical past. It began in the late eighteenth century and was characterized by an emphasis on the emotional and the sublime, as well as a fascination with the past. On the other hand, Realism emerged in the nineteenth century, particularly after the 1848 Revolution, as a movement that sought to portray everyday life in the contemporary world with truth and accuracy. Realists focused on depicting life as it was, often highlighting the ordinary and mundane aspects of existence.
When considering the provided information, the beginning of what movement in literature does not directly correspond to the options presented, as movements such as Symbolism and Surrealism also emerged around the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Symbolism, important during the late nineteenth century, focused on representing ideas and emotions through symbolic meaning rather than literal description. Surrealism, which came later in the 1920s, dealt with the exploration of the unconscious mind and featured unexpected juxtapositions in art and literature.