Final answer:
The correct answer is a) Hammurabi's Code, an ancient Babylonian code of laws written by King Hammurabi that included punishments based on the principle of 'an eye for an eye', with variations according to social class.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question refers to a historical set of laws that dictate a father's conduct towards his son's wrongdoing. The correct answer to this question is a) Hammurabi's Code. The Code of Hammurabi is an ancient Babylonian code that was written by King Hammurabi around 1754 BC. It included a series of laws and punishments, which were inscribed on stone pillars throughout the Babylonian kingdom. These laws were based on the principle of 'an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth,' which meant that the punishments should fit the crime, but they often varied based on social class.
The Ten Commandments are biblical laws said to be given to Moses, and they do not detail the type of father-son relationship or consequences mentioned in the question. The Magna Carta was a charter of rights agreed to by King John of England in 1215, and common law refers to laws developed through court decisions and similar legal sources, not the kind of specific familial conduct rule mentioned.
The Law Code Stele of King Hammurabi and the principles it introduced, such as the presumption of innocence and the use of evidence, have informed legal systems for millennia and highlight the importance of the rule of law in ancient times.