Final answer:
When a strong wine bottle breaks, it is due to the pressure exerted by the cork on the liquid, known as hydrostatic pressure. If there is air between the cork and the liquid, the bottle will not break because air is compressible and acts as a cushion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question is Chemistry, and the grade level is High School.
When a strong wine bottle breaks from pounding a cork into it with your fist, it is because the cork must press directly against the liquid filling the bottle, with no air trapped between the cork and the liquid. The breakage occurs due to the pressure exerted by the cork on the liquid. This is known as hydrostatic pressure.
If there is air between the cork and the liquid, the bottle will not break because air is compressible and can absorb some of the pressure. In this case, the air acts as a cushion and prevents the bottle from breaking.