Final answer:
HTTP, FTP, and SMTP are the protocols that reside at the application layer of the OSI model.
Step-by-step explanation:
The protocols that reside at the application layer of the OSI model are HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. These protocols are used to facilitate communication and data transfer between applications or services running on different devices or systems.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring hypertext documents, such as web pages, between a web server and a web browser. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring files between a client and a server over a network. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending email messages between mail servers.