Final answer:
Hibernate provides a higher level of abstraction, potentially more efficient use of developer time through automated query optimizations, and is generally easier to use than JDBC, making the correct answer 'All of the above.'
Step-by-step explanation:
The advantage of Hibernate over JDBC can be summarized by multiple points:
- Hibernate provides a higher level of abstraction than JDBC, which means it handles many of the database operations and conversions automatically.
- While efficiency can depend on the use case, Hibernate can be more efficient in terms of developer time due to its automatic query optimization and caching capabilities.
- Hibernate is often considered easier to use than JDBC, as it reduces the amount of boilerplate code required to handle database interactions.
Therefore, the correct answer is D) All of the above.