Final answer:
The correct answer is C) gods, as the question refers to classical literature where the Chorus often comments on the influence of divine forces on human fate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking about a passage that refers to the teachings or lessons of the Chorus in literature. In the context provided, the correct answer to the question 'Man has even taught himself, according to the Chorus, to flee the arrows of the __________.' is C) gods. This is supported by the literary evidence that often in classical literature, the Chorus reflects on the human condition and the influence of divine forces on human fate. This particular phrase metaphorically represents the efforts of humans to avoid the challenges or punishments meted out by the gods, tying in with themes of fate and destiny common in classical works.