Question

The temperature in these areas is close to "Absolute Zero." What temperature is that in Kelvin? In Celsius? and finally, what happens when matter reaches this temperature?

a) Kelvin: 0 K, Celsius: -273.15°C, Matter stops moving
b) Kelvin: 0 K, Celsius: -273.15°C, Matter reaches infinite energy
c) Kelvin: 100 K, Celsius: -173.15°C, Matter becomes a superconductor
d) Kelvin: 273.15 K, Celsius: 0°C, Matter becomes a plasma

Answer 1

The temperature known as 'Absolute Zero' is 0 K in Kelvin scale and -273.15°C in Celsius scale. At this temperature, all classical molecular motion ceases, but matter cannot be completely motionless due to zero-point energy. Absolute zero is a theoretical limit that cannot be physically reached.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct answer to the question is a) Kelvin: 0 K, Celsius: -273.15°C, Matter stops moving. Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which all molecular motion ceases. It is defined as 0 Kelvins (0 K), which is equivalent to -273.15 degrees Celsius. At this temperature, particles would be at their lowest energy state and all classical motional energy is removed from matter; however, due to quantum mechanics, particles still possess zero-point energy and cannot be completely motionless. Reaching absolute zero is a theoretical limit that cannot be achieved in practice, as stated by the third law of thermodynamics, which suggests a system's entropy approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero. The lowest temperature that has been achieved in a laboratory setting is approximately 1 × 10⁻¹⁰ K.