Final answer:
Patients with PCOS have an increased risk particularly for endometrial cancer due to hormonal imbalances and the associated insulin resistance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at an increased risk for several types of cancer due to the underlying hormonal imbalances and metabolic issues associated with the condition. Among the potential risks, patients with PCOS are particularly at increased risk for endometrial cancer. This is believed to be due to the excess androgen levels and insulin resistance that are common in PCOS, which can lead to prolonged estrogen dominance due to lack of progesterone from anovulatory cycles. Unlike breast cancer, ovarian cancer, or lung cancer, which are not specifically linked to PCOS at a higher rate of incidence, endometrial cancer shows a clear association with the condition.