Final answer:
A) The Vulgate in Latin. The Vulgate, in Latin, produced by the monk Jerome in 410, became the standard Bible translation for Western churches and remained so for many centuries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Standard Bible Translation for Western Churches
The translation that became the standard for Western churches is The Vulgate. It is in Latin. The Vulgate was a version of the Christian Bible produced by the monk Jerome in 410. It remained the main edition used in Europe until the sixteenth century. Notably, it wasn't until 1442 during the Renaissance that the definitive and "final" version of the Bible was established by the Western Church, dictating which Old Testament books were to be included.
The use of Latin for the Bible reflects its historical roles as the language of the church and educated elite in Western Europe. Despite Latin diminishing as a spoken language by the eighth century, it remained the written medium for communication among educated individuals throughout Europe. An educated person from one country could correspond with another in Latin, despite not being able to speak the other's local tongue.
Translations of the Bible into the vernacular emerged, significantly with the King James Version in English. However, the Vulgate's influence persisted long within the Catholic Church and Western Christianity, setting a foundation for ecclesiastical and scriptural traditions.