Final answer:
Jerome named the first five books of the Bible B) 'The Pentateuch', which consists of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, and is central to both Jewish and Christian faiths.
Step-by-step explanation:
The church father Jerome gave the name The Pentateuch to the first five books of the Bible. The term Pentateuch comes from the Greek words 'penta', meaning five, and 'teuchos', meaning scroll or volume, thereby describing the five-scroll collection of the first books of the Hebrew Bible. These books are Torah, which consists of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
Jerome's translation of the Christian Bible into Latin, known as the Vulgate, became the primary version used in Europe up until the 16th century. The Pentateuch lays the foundation for Jewish and Christian doctrines, including the Ten Commandments and the narrative of creation, and is regarded as the most holy text in Judaism.