Final answer:
Resilience Theory is the best framework to understand how children recover from stressful situations, as it focuses on their capacities to overcome adversity and emerge stronger.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that helps best understand how children bounce back from stressful events is Resilience Theory (A). Resilience Theory focuses on the positive aspects of a child's ability to cope with adversity. It examines the processes or traits that enable children to emerge from challenging experiences as stronger and more resourceful individuals. This contrasts with Chaos Theory (B), which relates more to systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions leading to unpredictable results, and Complex Trauma Theory (D), which deals with the multiple and simultaneous traumatic events often of an invasive and interpersonal nature. While resilience can be a component in understanding the outcome of complex trauma, it is the Resilience Theory itself that specifically addresses the mechanics of bouncing back from stress and adversity.