Final answer:
The VLOOKUP formula is used to retrieve data from a lookup table on the same worksheet in Excel. It searches for a value in the first column of a table and returns a value in the same row from a specified column.
Step-by-step explanation:
The formula to retrieve data from a lookup table in Excel
The correct formula to retrieve data from a lookup table on the same worksheet in Excel is the VLOOKUP formula. This formula searches for a value in the first column of a table and returns a value in the same row from a specified column. It is commonly used to perform vertical lookups in Excel.
For example, if you have a lookup table with student names in the first column and their corresponding test scores in the second column, you can use the VLOOKUP formula to retrieve a student's test score by entering their name.
Another option mentioned in the question, the INDEX formula, can also be used to retrieve data from a lookup table, but it provides more flexibility and control over the lookup process compared to VLOOKUP.