Final answer:
To determine if a psychologist has acted unprofessionally, factors such as ethical guidelines, informed consent, and legal context are considered.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine whether a psychologist has acted unprofessionally, several factors are considered. First, psychologists must abide by a complex ethical and legal framework when conducting case studies, including obtaining informed consent from participants and avoiding harm. Second, the psychologist's actions are evaluated based on the guidelines set forth by professional organizations like the American Psychological Association (APA). Finally, if a psychologist is working within the justice system as a forensic psychologist, they must understand the legal context in which they are providing expert testimony.