Final answer:
The developmental tasks for the second stage of late adulthood are (D) All of the above, which includes adjusting to retirement and reduced income, maintaining social connections and activities, and coping with the loss of loved ones.
Step-by-step explanation:
The developmental tasks for the second stage of late adulthood include a variety of challenges that individuals face as they adapt to the changes associated with this life stage. These tasks involve adjusting to major life changes such as retirement, developing new social roles, and coping with physical and emotional losses. The correct answer to the question, 'What are the developmental tasks for the second stage of late adulthood?' is (D) All of the above, which encompasses:
- Adjusting to retirement and reduced income: As individuals leave the workforce, they must adjust to changes in their daily routine and potentially deal with a reduction in income.
- Maintaining social connections and activities: It is crucial to stay socially active to prevent loneliness and maintain a sense of purpose and belonging.
- Coping with the loss of loved ones: As individuals age, they often face the loss of friends, spouses, and contemporaries, which can be a significant emotional challenge.
The developmental tasks of late adulthood reflect Erikson's concept of integrity versus despair, where individuals reflect on their lives and may feel either a sense of fulfillment or regret.