Question

The year when Supreme Court justices were finally relieved of their intermediate appeals court duties to only hear cases from the Supreme Court bench?

Answer 1

Supreme Court justices were relieved of their intermediate appeals court duties in 1891 and their appellate jurisdiction was transferred to U.S. courts of appeals.

Step-by-step explanation:

In 1891, a significant restructuring occurred in the judicial system of the United States, leading to the relief of Supreme Court justices from their intermediate appeals court duties. Before this reform, Supreme Court justices held both original and appellate jurisdiction, hearing appeals directly from lower district courts. However, the Judiciary Act of 1891, also known as the Evarts Act, marked a pivotal change. This legislation transferred the appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court justices to the newly established United States courts of appeals.

This division of responsibilities aimed to streamline the workload of the Supreme Court and enhance the efficiency of the federal judiciary, allocating appellate functions to the specialized courts of appeals while allowing Supreme Court justices to focus primarily on their crucial role as the highest court in the land.