Question

Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court, but left to which of the following the authority to create lower federal courts as needed?

Answer 1

The Constitution gave Congress the authority to create lower federal courts as needed, which it first did through the Judiciary Act of 1789.

Step-by-step explanation:

Article III of the Constitution established the Supreme Court and left to Congress the authority to create lower federal courts as needed. This system allows Congress to address the changing needs of the judicial branch by establishing inferior courts to support the Supreme Court. The first lower courts were created in the Judiciary Act of 1789, setting a precedent for Congress to determine the structure and details of the federal judiciary system beyond what is specified in the Constitution.