Final answer:
The question is about various terms related to the human digestive system, focusing on the intestines and their functions within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question pertains to various biology-related terms that are specific to the human digestive system and, more specifically, to those terms that describe parts and functions associated with the intestines. The word 'intestine' comes from the Latin root for 'internal,' and indeed, these organs fill the interior of the abdominal cavity. Apart from ingestion, they perform all digestive system functions. Structures like the enteropeptidase, an intestinal brush-border enzyme, activate trypsinogen to trypsin, crucial for protein digestion. Additionally, the epiploic appendage is a small sac of fat-filled visceral peritoneum attached to the teniae coli of the large intestine. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract includes the entire digestive system, with the lower GI tract consisting of the small and large intestines. The enteric plexus is a neuronal plexus within the intestinal wall and is a component of the enteric nervous system, essential for regulating digestive processes.