Final answer:
Ondansetron is an antiemetic drug used to prevent nausea and vomiting related to cancer treatments and surgery, functioning as a serotonin receptor antagonist. It has some contraindications and possible side effects, including impacts on heart rhythm.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ondansetron (Zofran):
Ondansetron is a medication belonging to the class of drugs known as serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. Its mechanism of action (MOA) involves the inhibition of serotonin receptors in the gut and the brain, which helps to prevent nausea and vomiting. It is commonly prescribed for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.
While ondansetron is generally safe, it should be used with caution in patients with known heart conditions or those taking other medications that can affect the heart rhythm. Some possible adverse effects include headache, dizziness, and constipation.
Major contraindications for ondansetron include hypersensitivity to the drug, concurrent use with apomorphine, and genetic susceptibility to QT prolongation. Common adverse effects include headache, constipation, and dizziness.