Final answer:
Rapid insulin refers to fast-acting insulins used to control blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. It quickly lowers blood glucose levels, but they gradually increase due to the secretion of glucagon. Insulin non-responsive diabetes mellitus may lead to a marginal decrease in blood glucose levels upon insulin injection.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rapid insulin refers to a type of insulin that has a fast onset and a short duration of action. The three rapid-acting insulins mentioned in the question are Aspart, Lispro, and Glulisine. These insulins are used to mimic the body's natural response to glucose and help control blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes.
When a person with diabetes injects rapid insulin, it quickly lowers their blood glucose level by facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells. This process is aided by the insulin hormone. However, the blood glucose level gradually increases later due to the secretion of glucagon, which is a hormone that opposes the action of insulin.
In normal individuals or those with insulin-responsive diabetes mellitus, after injection, the blood glucose level falls, then slowly rises above the fasting level, and eventually reaches back to normal within a few hours. However, in individuals with insulin non-responsive diabetes mellitus, injecting insulin may not lead to a significant decrease in blood glucose level, possibly due to excessive insulin antagonists or defective insulin receptors on the cell membrane.