Final answer:
ACE inhibitors and ARBs are antihypertensive drugs used to lower high blood pressure by targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. ACE inhibitors block the enzyme responsible for producing angiotensin II, while ARBs prevent angiotensin II from binding to its receptors. These medications are critical for preventing hypertension-related complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
ACE Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) are classes of medications primarily used to treat hypertension, also known as high blood pressure. ACE inhibitors, such as Lisinopril and Enalapril, work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor that raises blood pressure. On the other hand, ARBs, including Losartan and Valsartan, directly block the angiotensin II receptor, preventing angiotensin II from exerting its blood pressure-raising effects.
These antihypertensive medications are crucial for preventing complications of hypertension, such as stroke and heart disease. Calcium channel blockers, such as Amlodipine and Verapamil, are another class of antihypertensives that operate by inhibiting the influx of calcium into cardiac and smooth muscle, leading to vasodilation and decreased blood pressure. Treatment regimens often require a combination of medications to effectively control blood pressure. However, ACE inhibitors and ARBs are not recommended to be used together due to an increased risk of adverse effects.