Final answer:
The sensor used on doors, roof hatches, and windows is called a magnetic sensor or a magnetic switch. These sensors work based on the principles of magnetism and are commonly used in security systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sensor used on doors, roof hatches, and windows is called a magnetic sensor or a magnetic switch. These sensors work based on the principles of magnetism. They contain a magnet and a reed switch, which is a type of switch that is controlled by a magnetic field.
When the door, roof hatch, or window is closed, the magnet in the sensor aligns with the reed switch, causing it to close and create an electrical circuit. This indicates that the door, roof hatch, or window is closed. When the door, roof hatch, or window is opened, the magnet moves away from the reed switch, causing it to open the circuit and indicate that the door, roof hatch, or window is open.
Magnetic sensors are commonly used in security systems to detect unauthorized entry or to monitor the status of doors and windows in buildings.