Final answer:
Endocarditis is the inflammation of the inner lining of the heart, usually caused by bacteria, which can lead to severe damage to the heart valves. It requires prompt treatment to prevent fatal outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart, usually caused by bacteria, is called endocarditis. This condition can lead to significant damage to the heart valves and may require surgical intervention if severe enough. Endocarditis is often a consequence of bacterial infection, where common pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus and viridans streptococci. Individuals with preexisting cardiac conditions or those who undergo invasive procedures are at higher risk.
It is critical to treat bacterial endocarditis promptly to prevent rapid destruction of heart valves and potentially fatal outcomes. Other related conditions include pericarditis, inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, and myocarditis, inflammation of the heart's muscle tissue.