Final answer:
The process of requesting an increase in unit manpower document authorization while proposing a decrease in resources elsewhere is called a trade-off.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process you're referring to is called a trade-off. A trade-off occurs when a request for an increase in the unit manpower document (UMD) authorization is accompanied by a proposal for an equivalent offsetting resource/decrease from elsewhere.
For example, if a department needs to increase their budget for new equipment, they might propose to decrease spending on office supplies to offset the increase. This ensures that the overall budget remains balanced.
Trade-offs are commonly used in business and finance to manage resources and prioritize expenses.