Final answer:
A minor can consent for treatment if they are deemed mature enough to understand the nature and implications of the treatment, known as the capacity to consent. The principle of autonomy and informed consent processes ensure that patients, including minors who are capable, have a say in their healthcare decisions.
Step-by-step explanation:
A minor can consent for treatment if he/she is mature enough to participate intelligently in treatment. This is commonly referred to as a minor's capacity to consent, which can vary depending on the legal jurisdiction and the specific circumstances of the case. In some situations, healthcare providers may determine a minor is a mature minor and can thus consent to their own care based on their ability to understand the nature and consequences of the treatment.
While parents typically provide consent on behalf of their minor children, the principle of autonomy within healthcare emphasizes the right of patients to make informed decisions regarding their own healthcare. This is safeguarded through the process of informed consent, where patients must be adequately informed about their treatment options and the associated risks and benefits.
In the case of clinical research, an Institutional Review Board (IRB) requires informed consent from participants, which must be documented through a consent form. For those under 18 years of age, consent typically must come from a parent or legal guardian, unless the minor is deemed competent to provide informed consent for themselves.