Final answer:
The report displaying the breakdown of wages and taxes by department is called the Departmental Payroll Report, which is useful for managing departmental budgets and finance tracking within a business.
Step-by-step explanation:
The report that shows the breakdown of wages and taxes by department is known as the Departmental Payroll Report. This report allows businesses to see not only the amounts paid to each employee but also how those payments are distributed across different departments. In contrast, a Payroll Summary gives a high-level overview of total wages and taxes, a Payroll Register details individual employee wage information, and Payroll Reconciliation is used for ensuring accuracy between payroll records and financial statements.