Final answer:
Hammurabi, the ruler of Babylon, made significant contributions to Mesopotamia by establishing an empire, initiating infrastructure projects, and creating a legal code known as the Code of Hammurabi.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hammurabi, the ruler of Babylon during the 18th century BCE, made significant contributions to Mesopotamian history. He created an empire that encompassed most of Mesopotamia by defeating rival cities and established irrigation projects to support agricultural development. Hammurabi is most famous for his legal code, known as the Code of Hammurabi, which was inscribed on stone pillars throughout his empire. This code provided laws and punishments for various offenses and demonstrated a concern for fairness and justice in society.