Final answer:
Skin grafting terms relate to the tissue's source: an autograft is from the patient's own body, a homograft or allograft is from another person, isografts are between identical twins, and xenografts are from a different species. MHC markers, specifically HLAs, determine immune responses to these grafts, and immunosuppressive drugs may be needed to prevent rejection.
Step-by-step explanation:
The various terms related to skin grafting designate the source of the tissue being transplanted. An autograft involves tissue transplanted from one area of the body to another area on the same individual. A homograft, also known as an allograft, involves tissue transplanted between genetically distinct individuals within the same species. An isograft is a type of allograft where tissue is transplanted between genetically identical individuals, typically identical twins. A heterograft refers to a tissue transplant between different species, but this term is not commonly used; the more common term is xenograft, which also involves tissue transplanted from one species to another, such as from an animal to a human.
The immune response to transplanted tissue varies with different graft types due to differences in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) markers, specifically human leukocyte antigens (HLAs). Rejection of the transplanted tissue by the recipient's immune system is a risk with allografts and xenografts, which can often require immunosuppressive drugs to prevent.