Final answer:
Intellectual developmental disorder (IDD) is characterized by lowered intelligence and cognitive disruption, while Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) involves difficulties in forming emotional attachments due to early mistreatment, with intellectual functioning often being unaffected. Diagnosing these conditions requires a comprehensive assessment of developmental history, cognitive ability, and social-emotional functioning.
Step-by-step explanation:
Intellectual developmental disorder (IDD) refers to a group of conditions characterized by lowered intelligence and cognitive disruptions, where individuals have below-average intellectual functioning and a lack of skills necessary for daily living. Disorders like Down Syndrome and Fragile X syndrome are examples of IDD where there is a notable impact on cognitive abilities.
Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is different as it primarily pertains to severe problems in forming stable and healthy emotional attachments to caregivers, often due to early severe social neglect or other forms of mistreatment. A key diagnostic distinction between IDD and RAD is that individuals with RAD do not necessarily have low IQ scores; their primary deficits are in the social and emotional realms.