Final answer:
The nurse should further assess the patient's condition and understand their reasons for refusing medication, keeping patient comfort and safety in mind, and using a patient-centered approach. Communication with the healthcare team during key steps like 'time out' and 'sign in' ensures coordinated patient care.
Step-by-step explanation:
The best action by the nurse when an adult client is crying and grimacing after surgery, yet denies pain and refuses pain medication, is to first recognize that these behaviors may be indicative of pain or other distress despite the patient's refusal of medication. The nurse should assess the situation further and try to understand the reasons behind the patient's refusal, which could include fear of side effects, addiction, or a desire to avoid appearing weak.
In accordance with best practices, the nurse should engage in a patient-centered approach, ensuring that the patient's safety and comfort are prioritized. This might involve discussing the benefits and risks of pain relief, offering alternative methods of pain management, and closely monitoring the patient for any signs of pain or complications. Communication between the surgeon, nurse, and anesthesia professional is crucial for a patient's recovery. A "time out" before skin incision and a "sign in" before induction of anesthesia are critical steps where team members confirm key concerns for the patient's care.