Final answer:
PCOS is often associated with female infertility due to the formation of multiple ovarian cysts and hormone imbalances that interfere with normal ovulation. Elevated levels of androgens are common in women with PCOS, which can lead to anovulatory cycles and irregular menstrual periods. Managing PCOS with lifestyle changes and medication can help restore fertility.
Step-by-step explanation:
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is associated with numerous health complications, one of which is female infertility. PCOS is characterized by the formation of multiple cysts within the ovaries, resulting from the failure of ovarian follicles to properly produce and release eggs, which is essential for ovulation. This ovulatory dysfunction is the most common cause of infertility in women with PCOS, leading to irregular menstrual periods and anovulatory cycles.
Women with PCOS experience hormone imbalances, particularly elevated levels of androgens, which include hormones like testosterone that are typically higher in males. These hormonal disparities interfere with the menstrual cycle and ovulation, increasing the risk of infertility. In addition to infertility, women with PCOS are at an increased risk for conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, sleep apnea, and uterine cancer. Nevertheless, there is hope for managing PCOS and its symptoms, as lifestyle changes and medication can mitigate the complications and restore fertility in some women.