Final answer:
The U.S. Supreme Court has upheld that law school admissions policies may include race as a factor to promote diversity, in line with the Fourteenth Amendment. To take the bar, candidates must be of good moral character, have US residency, knowledge of government and history, and English proficiency. A JD degree and passing the bar exam are also required.
Step-by-step explanation:
The requirements for admission to the bar in the United States are influenced by decisions such as the Grutter case, which was based on the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld a Michigan law school's admissions policy that aimed to achieve a diverse student body by considering race as a "plus factor." However, when relating to the eligibility for taking the bar exam, candidates must primarily be of good moral character, have a certain degree of residency in the United States, possess knowledge of U.S. government and history, and demonstrate proficiency in the English language. While not mentioned specifically in this context, other universal requirements include holding a Juris Doctor (JD) from an accredited law school and passing the state's bar examination.